Circulation On The Run

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 Current guidelines recommend measurement of one of the cardiac specific isoforms of cardiac troponin complex. However, what's the utility of combining measurements of troponins I and T in the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction? Well, you have to wait for our upcoming feature discussion, but it's coming right up after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week sheds light on the genetic basis and mechanisms of bicuspid aortic valve, the most common congenital heart defect in the population. We know that bicuspid aortic valve is an autosomal dominant trait with variable expression and incomplete penetrants suggestive of genetic and environment

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the Journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, Associate Editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 Do we finally now have a simple, evidence-based way to make a diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction? Well, today's feature paper certainly brings us closer to that goal and you must listen to the discussion coming right up after these summaries.                                                 Bleeding is commonly cited as a reason for stopping oral anti-coagulants. However, what is the prognostic significance of minor bleeding events, or so called nuisance bleeding, in patients with atrial fibrillation on oral anti-coagulants?                                                 First and corresponding author, Dr O'Brien from Duke Clinical Research Institute and her colleagues, identified 67

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and it's editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 Can we get better at predicting clinical benefit of PCSK9 inhibition based on the severity and extent of coronary artery disease? Well coming right up after these summaries we have an important discussion of an analysis from the FOURIER trial, so stay tuned.                                                 The first original paper this week suggests that targeting visceral adiposity may be the crucial step to limit age-related cardiac remodeling and to promote healthy cardiac aging. Co-first authors Drs Sawaki and Czibik, corresponding author Dr Derumeaux, from INSERM France, and their colleagues, hypothesize that since aging induces cardiac structural and functional changes, linked to increase deposition of

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, Associate Editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. I'm the one you usually hear chatting about all the papers in your weekly issue, however I am so delighted to be handing over the mic this week to two beloved colleagues, and they are Dr Greg Hundley and Dr Vlad Zaha, who will be taking us through this week's very special issue centered around cardio-oncology. Here they are. Dr Greg Hundley:             My name is Greg Hundley. I'm a professor at VCU Health Sciences in Richmond, Virginia. We also have Vlad Zaha, who is an assistant professor at University of Texas Southwestern in Dallas. Dr Vlad Zaha:                     Hello, everybody. Dr Greg Hundley:             We're going to be talking about the field of cardio-oncology today. As we all know, there have been many advances in the treatment of cancer la

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 Can proteomic biomarkers distinguish between subtypes of aortic stenosis even years before surgery? Well, to find out more, stay tuned. That's coming right up after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week adds to the evidence that smoke-free policies are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. First and corresponding author, Dr Mayne from Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, and her colleagues linked smoke-free policies to participants of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults, or CARDIA study, which has a follow-up of up to 20 years. They found that smoke-free policies in workplaces were associated with

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 Does measuring baseline BNP add prognostic information in patients undergoing revascularization for left main coronary artery disease? Well, to find out the answers, you have to stay tuned and listen up for our feature discussion coming right up, after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week reports a new role for bone morphogenetic protein 9, or BMP9, as an endogenous inhibitor of cardiac fibrosis. Now, we are familiar with transforming growth factor beta-one, or TGF-β1, as a promoter of cardiac fibrosis. TGF-β1 also activates counterregulatory pathways that serve to regulate TGF-β1 activity in heart failure. BMP9 is a member of the TGFβ family of c

Dr Carolyn Lam: Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. Did you know that despite being one of the wealthiest nations in the world, the United States population has a shorter life expectancy compared to almost all other high-income countries in the world? Well, stay tuned to learn what Americans could do to narrow the life expectancy gap between the United States and other industrialized nations. Coming right up after these summaries.                                 Are microRNAs involved in nitrate tolerance? Well, the first original paper this week provides some answers. This is from co-corresponding authors Dr Bai and Zhang from Central South University in Changsha, China. Nitrate tolerance develops when there's dysfunction of the prostaglandin I2 synthase and prostaglandin I2 deficiency. These authors hypothesize that pros

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation On the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 In this day and age of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke, does time to treatment really matter? Well, we will be discussing results of the MR CLEAN Registry from real-world clinical practice, coming right up after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week describes the first mouse model of progerin-induced atherosclerosis acceleration. Progerin is an aberrant protein that accumulates with age, causes a rare genetic disease known as Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. Patients with Progeria Syndrome have ubiquitous progerin expression and exhibit accelerated aging and atherosclerosis, dying in their early teens mainly from myocardial in

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor for the National Heart Center, and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 How do resuscitation teams at top-performing hospitals for in-hospital cardiac arrest actually succeed? Well, to learn how, you have to keep listening to the podcast, because we will be discussing this right after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week tells us that recent developments in RNA amplification strategies may provide a unique opportunity to use small amounts of input RNA for genome wide-sequencing of single cells. Co-first authors, Dr Gladka and Molenaar, corresponding author, Dr van Rooij, and colleagues from Hubrecht Institute in Utrecht, the Netherlands, present a method to obtain high-quality RNA from digested cardiac tissue, from ad

Dr Carolyn Lam: Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, Associate Editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. This week features Circulation Global Rounds, a brand-new series of papers from all across the world that you are going to want to hear about, coming right up after these summaries. The first original paper this week tells us that community trends and acute decompensated heart failure may differ by race and sex. Dr Patricia Chang from University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill and colleagues examine the 10-year rates and trends of hospitalized acute decompensated heart failure in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities or ARIC study, which sampled heart failure–related hospitalizations in four US communities from 2005 to 2014, using ICD-9 codes. They found that acute heart failure with reduced ejection fraction was more common in black men and white men, whereas acute hea

  Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr. Carolyn Lam, Associate Editor from the National Heart Center, and Duke National University of Singapore. And I am joined today by our Editor of Digital Strategies, Dr. Amit Khera from UT Southwestern, as well as three wonderful fellows in training. Yes, you've guessed it, it's our FIT Podcast and I'm just so thrilled to be here again. Dr Carolyn Lam:                Amit, any words of introduction before we start? Dr Amit Khera:                  Thank you Carolyn. I think, for both of us, this is our favorite podcast, or two podcasts, that we do, a year. It reminds us of how bright the future is, with superb cardiology fellows in training around the country, and it really is a testament to how important we find fellows in training, to Circulation, to our mission, and how much we learn from them.                                                 So we're reall

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on The Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. This week's issue is so special. It is an autopsy issue. I think it's actually the first of its kind in the history of Circulation. I am so pleased to have with me today Dr Jeffrey Saffitz from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, who's the content editor for Pathology for Circulation and the guest editor for this entire autopsy issue. Welcome, Jeff. Dr Jeffrey Saffitz:             Thank you. Dr Carolyn Lam:                We also have Dr Lee Goldman from Columbia University Medical Center who wrote a beautiful perspective piece on autopsy. Thank you and welcome, Lee. Dr Lee Goldman:              Morning. Dr Carolyn Lam:                Jeff, could you start us off? I mean, an autopsy issue. How in the world did this come about? Dr Jeffrey Saffitz:          

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr. Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. Today's feature discussion revolves around important hemodynamic and echo data from the reprise three trial, comparing the lotus and core valve transcatheter aortic valves in patients with high surgical risk. Can't wait? Well it's coming right up after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week provide experimental data showing that the endothelium controls cardiomyocyte metabolism and function via notch signaling. Corresponding author, Dr. Fischer, from German Cancer Research Center in Heidelberg, Germany, and colleagues, studied fatty acid transport in cultured endothelial cells and transgenic mice with endothelial specific notch inhibition, or wild type mice treated with neutralizing antibodies ag

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associated editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. This week's feature paper reports results of the SWAP-4 study, which is the first study to evaluate the pharmacodynamic impact of the timing and dosing of clopidogrel administration when de-escalating from ticagrelor therapy. Extremely important take-home messages for clinicians looking after patients with coronary artery disease and a must listen to. Coming up right after these summaries.                                                 In the first original paper this week, chondroitin sulfate, well known in the context of the monogenic disease mucopolysaccharidosis type 6 may actually represent a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of general heart failure. First author Dr Zhao, corresponding author Dr Foo, from Genome Institute of Singapore stu

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr. Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 What do salty, Chinese meals, neurotransmitters, cancer, and pulmonary arterial hypertension have in common? Well, you are not going to want to miss this week's feature discussion. It's going to reveal a new therapeutic approach to pulmonary arterial hypertension that may just surprise you, coming up right after these summaries.                                                 Do congenital heart defects signal a familial predisposition to cardiovascular disease? Well, this question was addressed in this week's first original paper from first and corresponding author, Dr. Auger, from University of Montreal Hospital Research Center in Quebec, Canada. Dr. Auger and colleagues aimed to determine whether the risk

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation On The Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr. Carolyn Lam, Associate Editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. Our featured discussion today centers on the challenges of cardiovascular disease risk evaluation in people living with HIV infection, an important discussion coming right up after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week provides experimental evidence that nicotinamide riboside could be a useful metabolic therapy for heart failure. First author Dr. Diguet, corresponding author Dr. Mericskay, from University Paris-Sud investigated the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or NAD homeostasis pathways in the failing heart. They found that an expression shift occurs in both murine and human failing hearts in which the nicotinamide riboside kinase two enzyme, which uses the nucleoside nicotinamide riboside

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr. Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Centre and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 Our featured discussion today is really a very important message, that hospitals have the capacity to influence a patient's adherence to secondary prevention and thereby potentially impacting long-term patient outcomes. Much more on this important paper coming right up.                                                 Higher physical activity is known to be associated with lower heart failure risk. However, what is the impact of changes in physical activity on heart failure risk? The first paper in this week's journal, by first author Dr. Roberta Florido, corresponding author Dr. Ndumele from Johns Hopkins Hospital, provides us some answers. These authors evaluated more than 11,350 participants of the Atheros

Dr Joseph Hill:                    My name is Joe Hill. I'm the Editor-in-Chief of Circulation and I'm very pleased today to be here today with Professor Daida from Juntendo University in Tokyo, Japan, as well as one of our associate editors, Professor Shinya Goto from Tokai University in Kanagawa, Japan. Dr. Daida is one of the senior authors on a very exciting clinical trial that we're publishing in Circulation. The first and largest trial comparing high-dose versus low-dose statins in Asia. Dr. Daida, would you please tell us more about the study? Dr Hiroyuki Daida:            Yes. Thank you. The trial, called REAL-CAD, is a randomized trial. We compare high-dose statins with low-dose statins in Japanese patients with stable coronary artery disease. The number of the patients is 13,000. It's the largest trial ever comparing high-dose and low-dose statins. We found that with that reduction of the primary end point, which is a composite end point, including cardiovascular death, non-fatal MI, non-fatal strok

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr. Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center of Singapore and Duke National University of Singapore. Our featured discussion today is a wake-up call because despite substantial efforts to promote cardiac rehabilitation in guidelines and performance measures only a small percentage of patients are receiving this and there is a remarkable regional variation. Lots of lessons to be learned here coming right up after these summaries.                                                 More children with congenital heart disease are surviving into adulthood, and congenital heart disease is associated with risk factors for dementia. But what is the actual risk of dementia in congenital heart disease adults? Well, in this first paper from first and corresponding author Dr. Bagge from Aarhus University Hospital in Denmark, the authors used medical registr

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to "Circulation On The Run," your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr. Carolyn Lam, Associate Editor, from the National Heart Center, and Duke National University of Singapore. Our featured paper today is so important for cardiac surgeons and their patients. It answers a question of whether targeting a higher versus a lower blood pressure during cardiopulmonary bypass helps to prevent cerebral injury. Curious? Well, more soon right after these summaries.                                                 In the first original paper this week, MicroRNA-22 is shown to be a novel mediator of vascular smooth muscle cell, phenotypic modulation, and neointima formation. Co-first authors, Drs. Yang and Chen, co-corresponding authors, Dr. Zhang from Zhejiang University and Dr. Xiao from Queen Mary University of London and their colleagues used wire injury mouse models to show that MicroRNA-22 controls vascular smooth muscle cell phenoty