Circulation On The Run

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, Associate Editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 This week's feature discussion focuses on first and man pilot study results of pericardiotomy and its influence on left ventricular diastolic reserve with volume loading. Very fascinating implications for heart failure with reserved ejection fraction, coming right up after these summaries.                                                 Cardiac dysfunction is a major component of sepsis-induced multi-organ failure in critical care units. But what are the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic approaches to this? Well, in today's paper from co-first authors Drs Sun and Yao, corresponding author Dr Chang, and colleagues from UT Southwestern Medical Center, the authors examine the status of cardiac auto

James de Lemos:              Welcome everyone to Circulation on the Run my name is James de Lemos, I am the executive editor for Circulation based at UT Southwestern in Dallas and I will be filling in for Carolyn today as we discuss this year's surgery themed issue. I would like to welcome Dr Marc Ruel, the chairman of cardiac surgery at the University of Ottawa and a long-time editor of the Circulation of surgery themed issue, as well as Dr Tim Gardner, professor of cardiac surgery at The University of Pennsylvania and our leader at Circulation on the editor team for issues related to cardiac and vascular surgery. Marc and Tim, welcome and thanks for all your tremendous work in this issue. Dr Marc Ruel:                    Thanks James for having us. Dr Tim Gardner:               Thank you. Glad to be here. James de Lemos:              Why don't we start Marc with your thoughts on how this issue comes together, how it came to be, you picked the papers and how we ended up with this terrific issue. Dr Marc Ruel

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. This week's issue provides much long awaited healthcare resource utilization and cost implications in the MOMENTUM 3 randomized controlled trial of a magnetically levitated cardiac pump in advanced heart failure. All of this coming right up after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week provides important mammalian data on the acute effects of phosphodiesterase type 1 inhibition on the heart. Now phosphodiesterase type 1, or PDE1, is known to hydrolyze cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in the heart. However, what's important to understand is that data from rodents may not be applicable to humans because rodents express mostly the cyclic GMP favoring PDE1A isoform, whereas human hearts predominantly express

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors.                                                 I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. The ORBITA Trial of percutaneous coronary intervention and stable single vessel coronary artery disease has to be one of the most hotly discussed in the cardiology world. The featured paper of this week adds important knowledge that will help us understand the physiology stratified results of ORBITA.                                                 Coming right up after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week provides novel mechanistic insights that may lead to a new treatment approach for obesity and hypertriglyceridemia. Co-corresponding authors, Drs Xiang and Xia from Central South University of Xiangya in China, looked at Reticulin 3, which is an

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center, and Duke National University of Singapore. Will artificial intelligence replace the human echocardiographer? Aha, well to find out the answer, you have to wait for the incredibly exciting discussion of today's feature paper coming right up after these summaries.                                                 The clinical benefits of the cholesterol ester transfer protein, or CETP inhibitor dalcetrapib depends on adenylate cyclase type 9, or ADCY9 genotype. However, what are the underlying mechanism responsible for the interactions between ADCY9 and CETP activity? In the first paper from today's journal first author Dr Rautureau, corresponding author Dr Tardif from Montreal Heart Institute, and colleagues used a mouse atherosclerosis model inactivated for ADCY9 and demonstrated that loss of ADCY9 p

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. Sacubitril-valsartan reduces the risk of cardiovascular mortality among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. However, what are its effects on kidney function and cardiac biomarkers in people with moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease? Well, stay tuned to find out, as we will be discussing the results of the UK Harp III Trial, right after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week reveals that inhibition of a long non-coding RNA may serve as a novel molecular therapy for aortic aneurysms. First author, Dr Li, corresponding author, Dr Maegdefessel from Technical University Munich, and colleagues, identified the long non-coding RNA H-19 with functional relevance in experimental

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 FDG-PET CT was recently introduced as a new tool for the diagnosis of prosthetic valve endocarditis. However, can we improve on its diagnostic performance? Well, to learn more you have to listen to the upcoming featured discussion, right after these summaries.                                                 Our first original paper this week describes a potential novel therapy for hypertension. In this study from first author Dr Hu, corresponding author Dr Soong, from Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore, authors showed that galectin-1 is a key regulator for proteasomal degradation of CaV 1.2 channels. L-type CaV 1.2 channels are known to play crucial roles in the regulation of blo

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, Associate Editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 Ticagrelor has shown superior efficacy to clopidogrel in the management of acute coronary syndromes. But what about in patients undergoing PCI for stable coronary artery disease? Well, our feature paper this week gives us answers to this question but you're going to have to wait to the feature discussion to hear these answers. That's coming up right after these summaries.                                                 Our first original paper this week shows that RBM20 mutation carriers have an increased risk of arrhythmias. You may recognize RBM20 as that splicing factor which targets multiple pivotal cardiac genes such as Titin and Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinase 2 Delta or CAMK2D. In today's paper fir

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. This week's journal features two papers that deal with genetic testing in young athletes and for sudden arrhythmic death, and with findings that may surprise you. They really show the complexities of this era of genetic testing and cardiovascular medicine, and in fact are discussed as growing pains in cardiovascular genetics. You must listen to our feature discussion, which is coming right up after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week suggests that targeting fibronectin polymerization may be a new therapeutic strategy for treating cardiac fibrosis. Fibronectin polymerization is necessary for collagen matrix deposition and is a key contributor to increased abundance of cardiac myofibroblast follo

Dr Carolyn Lam:                We start today's podcast with a few words from our Editor-in-Chief, Dr Joe Hill. Dr Joe Hill:                           I speak with you today with a heavy heart as we recently lost an esteemed and beloved colleague, Professor Bongani Mayosi. Bongani was a pioneering leader, a renowned investigator, Dean of the Medical School at the University of Cape Town, and an important member of our Circulation editorial leadership team.                                                 Bongani had an abiding passion for the under-served, especially those in his native Africa. He died tragically and suddenly at the early age of 51, just 10 days after recording the podcast you're about to hear.                                                 We mourn the loss of this colleague and our hearts go out to his family. It is a very poignant moment, as we hear his voice once again. We grieve deeply, and are reminded of Bongani's towering achievements and contributions to the betterment of our world

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 Current guidelines recommend measurement of one of the cardiac specific isoforms of cardiac troponin complex. However, what's the utility of combining measurements of troponins I and T in the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction? Well, you have to wait for our upcoming feature discussion, but it's coming right up after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week sheds light on the genetic basis and mechanisms of bicuspid aortic valve, the most common congenital heart defect in the population. We know that bicuspid aortic valve is an autosomal dominant trait with variable expression and incomplete penetrants suggestive of genetic and environment

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the Journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, Associate Editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 Do we finally now have a simple, evidence-based way to make a diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction? Well, today's feature paper certainly brings us closer to that goal and you must listen to the discussion coming right up after these summaries.                                                 Bleeding is commonly cited as a reason for stopping oral anti-coagulants. However, what is the prognostic significance of minor bleeding events, or so called nuisance bleeding, in patients with atrial fibrillation on oral anti-coagulants?                                                 First and corresponding author, Dr O'Brien from Duke Clinical Research Institute and her colleagues, identified 67

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and it's editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 Can we get better at predicting clinical benefit of PCSK9 inhibition based on the severity and extent of coronary artery disease? Well coming right up after these summaries we have an important discussion of an analysis from the FOURIER trial, so stay tuned.                                                 The first original paper this week suggests that targeting visceral adiposity may be the crucial step to limit age-related cardiac remodeling and to promote healthy cardiac aging. Co-first authors Drs Sawaki and Czibik, corresponding author Dr Derumeaux, from INSERM France, and their colleagues, hypothesize that since aging induces cardiac structural and functional changes, linked to increase deposition of

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, Associate Editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. I'm the one you usually hear chatting about all the papers in your weekly issue, however I am so delighted to be handing over the mic this week to two beloved colleagues, and they are Dr Greg Hundley and Dr Vlad Zaha, who will be taking us through this week's very special issue centered around cardio-oncology. Here they are. Dr Greg Hundley:             My name is Greg Hundley. I'm a professor at VCU Health Sciences in Richmond, Virginia. We also have Vlad Zaha, who is an assistant professor at University of Texas Southwestern in Dallas. Dr Vlad Zaha:                     Hello, everybody. Dr Greg Hundley:             We're going to be talking about the field of cardio-oncology today. As we all know, there have been many advances in the treatment of cancer la

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 Can proteomic biomarkers distinguish between subtypes of aortic stenosis even years before surgery? Well, to find out more, stay tuned. That's coming right up after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week adds to the evidence that smoke-free policies are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. First and corresponding author, Dr Mayne from Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, and her colleagues linked smoke-free policies to participants of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults, or CARDIA study, which has a follow-up of up to 20 years. They found that smoke-free policies in workplaces were associated with

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 Does measuring baseline BNP add prognostic information in patients undergoing revascularization for left main coronary artery disease? Well, to find out the answers, you have to stay tuned and listen up for our feature discussion coming right up, after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week reports a new role for bone morphogenetic protein 9, or BMP9, as an endogenous inhibitor of cardiac fibrosis. Now, we are familiar with transforming growth factor beta-one, or TGF-β1, as a promoter of cardiac fibrosis. TGF-β1 also activates counterregulatory pathways that serve to regulate TGF-β1 activity in heart failure. BMP9 is a member of the TGFβ family of c

Dr Carolyn Lam: Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. Did you know that despite being one of the wealthiest nations in the world, the United States population has a shorter life expectancy compared to almost all other high-income countries in the world? Well, stay tuned to learn what Americans could do to narrow the life expectancy gap between the United States and other industrialized nations. Coming right up after these summaries.                                 Are microRNAs involved in nitrate tolerance? Well, the first original paper this week provides some answers. This is from co-corresponding authors Dr Bai and Zhang from Central South University in Changsha, China. Nitrate tolerance develops when there's dysfunction of the prostaglandin I2 synthase and prostaglandin I2 deficiency. These authors hypothesize that pros

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation On the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 In this day and age of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke, does time to treatment really matter? Well, we will be discussing results of the MR CLEAN Registry from real-world clinical practice, coming right up after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week describes the first mouse model of progerin-induced atherosclerosis acceleration. Progerin is an aberrant protein that accumulates with age, causes a rare genetic disease known as Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. Patients with Progeria Syndrome have ubiquitous progerin expression and exhibit accelerated aging and atherosclerosis, dying in their early teens mainly from myocardial in

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor for the National Heart Center, and Duke National University of Singapore.                                                 How do resuscitation teams at top-performing hospitals for in-hospital cardiac arrest actually succeed? Well, to learn how, you have to keep listening to the podcast, because we will be discussing this right after these summaries.                                                 The first original paper this week tells us that recent developments in RNA amplification strategies may provide a unique opportunity to use small amounts of input RNA for genome wide-sequencing of single cells. Co-first authors, Dr Gladka and Molenaar, corresponding author, Dr van Rooij, and colleagues from Hubrecht Institute in Utrecht, the Netherlands, present a method to obtain high-quality RNA from digested cardiac tissue, from ad

Dr Carolyn Lam: Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, Associate Editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. This week features Circulation Global Rounds, a brand-new series of papers from all across the world that you are going to want to hear about, coming right up after these summaries. The first original paper this week tells us that community trends and acute decompensated heart failure may differ by race and sex. Dr Patricia Chang from University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill and colleagues examine the 10-year rates and trends of hospitalized acute decompensated heart failure in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities or ARIC study, which sampled heart failure–related hospitalizations in four US communities from 2005 to 2014, using ICD-9 codes. They found that acute heart failure with reduced ejection fraction was more common in black men and white men, whereas acute hea