This Week In Evolution

Nels and Vincent discuss the evolution of blood feeding to nonbiting in a mosquito, and evolution of bacterial virulence in the house finch caused by incomplete host immunity. Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Become a patron of TWiEVO Molecular Evolution and the Cell meeting Mosquito evolution from blood feeding to nonbiting (PNAS) Mosquito blood feeding is not a free lunch (virology blog) Incomplete immunity and evolution of virulence (Science) Image credit Letters read on TWiEVO 29 Science Picks Nels - IDEA and Impossible Foods Vincent - it is NOT junk Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Sarah Tishkoff joins Nels and Vincent to explain work from her laboratory on the genetic basis of skin pigmentation in Africans. Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Guest: Sarah Tishkoff Become a patron of TWiEVO Molecular Evolution and the Cell meeting Sarah AMA on Reddit Genetics of African skin pigmentation (Science) Image credit Science Picks Nels - In Defense of Plants (Shrew Loo) Vincent - Contribution of NIH funding to new drug approvals Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Taking a cue from the recent frigid weather, Nels and Vincent explore how modifications of a neuronal cold-sensing channel regulate diminished cold sensitivity in hibernating mammals. Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Become a patron of TWiEVO Why ground squirrels and hamsters don't mind the cold (Cell Rep) Image credit Letters read on TWiEVO 27 Science Picks Nels - Undergrad podcasters from Stonehill College Vincent - Viruses at Target Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Vinny Lynch joins Nels and Vincent to discuss how a zombie gene in elephants protects these large, long lived animals from cancer. Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Guest: Vinny Lynch   Become a patron of TWiEVO Lynch Lab Elephant zombie LIF gene induces apoptosis (bioRxiv) Image credit Science Picks Nels - Animalism Vincent - Voyager I fires up thrusters after 37 years Vinny - Rollin' Wild Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Nels and Vincent discuss a genomic analysis of the passenger pigeon, which shows that species with large and stable populations may be at risk of extinction after a sudden environmental change. Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Become a patron of TWiEVO Passenger pigeon genomic diversity (Science) Image credit Letters read on TWiEVO 25 Science Picks Nels - Video of nematophagous fungi Vincent - How should novelty be valued in science? John - Evo-Devo (Despacito Biology Parody) Melanie - What's in John's Freezer Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Marco Vignuzzi joins Nels and Vincent to discuss recent work from his laboratory on redirecting RNA virus evolution in sequence space. Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Guest: Marco Vignuzzi Become a patron of TWiEVO Vignuzzi Laboratory Redirecting evolution of RNA viruses in sequence space (Nat Micro) Is quasispecies concept relevant to RNA viruses? (J Virol) This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. Get $30 off your first order and free shipping by going to blueapron.com/twie. Science Picks Nels - Global Tagging of Pelagic Predators Vincent - Why has the EPA shifted on toxic chemicals? Marco - Labs of Siobain Duffy, Seema Lackdawala, Chris Brook Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Nels and Vincent reveal how the protein DHX9 suppresses RNA processing defects caused by invasion of the Alu retroelement into the human genome. Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Become a patron of TWiEVO DHX9 suppresses Alu defects (Nature) Asifa Akhtar on The Latest Thinking This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what’s on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twie. Science Picks Nels - Saving Hellbender Salamanders Vincent - The Living River Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Maitreya Dunham joins Nels and Vincent to explain how her laboratory uses experimental evolution to study yeast flocculation, the community-building cell aggregation trait. Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Guest: Maitreya Dunham Become a patron of TWiEVO Dunham Laboratory Adaptive Routes to Cell Aggregation in Yeast (Genetics) Making the best of a sticky situation (SGD) Yeast Genetics and Genomic Course (Cold Spring Harbor) Genetic basis of biofilm formation (Beacon) 2017 CSH Plate Race (YouTube) Image credit This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what’s on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twie. Science Picks Nels - Floating Fire Ant Colonies in Houston and Help for Houston Researchers Vincent - Help People Affected by Harvey and How To Help Harvey Victims Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your e

Rich Condit joins Nels and Vincent to explain how a vaccinia virus protein customizes ribosomes to favor the translation of viral mRNAs with a stretch of A residues in the 5'-untranslated region. Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello   Become a patron of TWiEVO Rich Condit with Harry Noller (scroll down) Trans-Kingdom mimicry? (Nature) More on RACK1 (Nat Struct Mol Biol) Image credit Letters read on TWiEVO 21 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what’s on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twie. Science Picks Rich - Sniffing out significant “Pee values” Nels - Cuttlefish mimicking a hermit crab (evolutionary context) Vincent - Our first bioRxiv submission! Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Nels and Vincent explore the role of TSR proteins during colonization of cnidarians by dinoflagellates. Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello   Become a patron of TWiEVO TSR domain proteins in cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis A. elegantissima image credit Letters read on TWiEVO 20 Science Picks Nels - CRISPR 5 ways Vincent - The Vital Question by Nick Lane Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Jonathan Weiner, author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning Beak of the Finch, joins Nels and Vincent to talk about his career and his writing.  Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Guest: Jonathan Weiner Become a patron of TWiEVO Jonathan's Columbia University page Jonathan's author page Science Picks Nels - The Gap by Ira Glass Vincent - EPA removes climate science site Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Guests: Ni-Chen 'Sylvia' Chang, Waring 'Buck' Trible, and Sean K. McKenzie Buck and Sean join Vincent in New York, while Sylvia is with Nels in Salt Lake City to discuss the first mutant ant ever made: disruption of orco, a gene required for function of odorant receptors, show defects in social behavior and fitness.   Become a patron of TWiEVO First ant mutants link odorant receptors and social behavior (bioRxiv) Kronauer Lab This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what’s on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twie. Science Picks Nels - Urban Nature and What Makes a City Ant? Vincent - Animations from WEHI Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Guest: Stephen Goff Nels joins Vincent in New York City to speak with Stephen Goff about transmissible clam cancers and the silencing of integrated retroviral genomes. Become a patron of TWiEVO A sixth modality of infectious disease (PLoS Path) Horizontal transmission of clam cancer (Cell) Transmissible bivalve cancers (Nature) Retrovirus transcriptional silencing (J Virol) Histones on retroviral DNA (Cell Host Micr) Image credit This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what’s on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twie. Science Picks Nels - Mindsuckers Vincent - What is a species? Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Nels and Vincent reveal how introns - the parts of pre-mRNAs that are removed by splicing - were generated by DNA transposons in two different picoeukaryotes.   Become a patron of TWiEVO Introns from DNA transposons (Nature) Reverse transcription and integration lecture Image: Elde Lab Mobile Studios on location in Santa Fe, NM Letters read on TWiEVO 16 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what’s on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twie. Science Picks Nels - Did eukaryotes invent anything? (TWiM 144) Vincent - Virology course online Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Guest: Hopi Hoekstra Nels and Vincent speak with Hopi Hoekstra about her career and the work of her laboratory on developmental mechanisms of stripe patterns in rodents.  Become a patron of TWiEVO Hoekstra Laboratory Hopi on Twitter Mechanisms of stripe patterns in rodents (Nature) Image credit Letters read on TWiEVO 15 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what’s on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twie. Science Picks Hopi -Diversify EEB, Anne's List Nels - Celebration for Harry Noller Vincent - Biological Warfare, Virus Style (journal article) Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Guests: Jessica Brown, Michael Kay, Wayne Potts, June Round, and Janis Weis From the Microbial Pathogenesis Retreat of the University of Utah School of Medicine, held at the Utah Museum of Natural History, Nels and Vincent speak with faculty members about their work on bacteria, fungi, viruses, and mirror-image biochemistry. Watch video of this episode at YouTube   Become a patron of TWiEVO This episode is sponsored by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world’s best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. Science Picks Nels - An Open Letter to My Class Vincent - The Beak of the Finch by Jonathan Weiner Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Guest: Corrie Moreau Corrie joins Nels and Vincent to talk about her comparative analysis of the genomes of mutualist ants that nest in plants, and non-symbiotic species.   Become a patron of TWiEVO Links for this episode Moreau Laboratory Different rates of evolution in ant-plant mutualisms (Nat Commun) Image credit This episode is sponsored by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world’s best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. Science Picks Nels - Mind-melting animated gifs Vincent - Parasites Without BordersCorrie - Brain Scoop with Emily Graslie Listener Pick Chris - Shark weapons Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Guest: Josh Drew Josh joins Nels and Vincent to talk about his research on the evolution and conservation of aquatic tropical  biodiversity, and the historical ecology of 19th century American Whalers. Become a patron of TWiEVO Links for this episode Drew Laboratory at Columbia University American Whalers by Ed Yong Karen Bao Sea cucumber genome Sea cucumber population connectivity (Nature) This episode is sponsored by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world’s best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also sponsored by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Science Picks Nels - 

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Guest: Nicole King Nicole joins Nels and Vincent to discuss the finding of her laboratory that multicellular development of choanoflagellates, the closest living relatives of animals, is regulated by bacterial lipids.   Become a patron of TWiEVO Links for this episode Nicole King on Twitter Choanoflagellate workshop Bacterial lipids regulate Salpingoeca development (PNAS) Image credit Letters read on TWiEVO 11 This episode is sponsored by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world’s best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also sponsored by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. S

Hosts: Nels Elde and Vincent Racaniello Nels and Vincent review experiments showing that the replacement of a pale moth with a black one during the industrial revolution was caused by a transposable element.   Links for this episode Last experiment of Michael Majerus (Biol Lett) Moth melanism mutation is transposon (Nature) Image credit Letters read on TWiEVO 10 Science Picks Nels - Is Pokémon Go good for science? (one, two, three) Vincent - Seven Brief Lessons on Physics by Carlo Rovelli Music on TWiEVO is performed by Trampled by Turtles Send your evolution questions and comments to twievo@microbe.tv Become a patron of TWiEVO