Core Em Podcast

We dissect one of the most common injuries we see in the ER -- ankle sprains Hosts: Brian Gilberti, MD Audrey Bree Tse, MD https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Ankle_Sprains.mp3 Download 3 Comments Tags: Orthopedics Show Notes Background Among most common injuries evaluated in ED A sprain is an injury to 1 or more ligaments about the ankle joint Highest rate among teenagers and young adults Higher incidence among women than men Almost a half are sustained during sports Greatest risk factor is a history of prior ankle sprain Anatomy Bone: Distal tibia and fibula over the talus → constitutes the ankle mortise Aside from malleoli, ligament complexes hold joint together Medial deltoid ligament Lateral ligament complex Anterior talofibula

An overview of Vaping Associated Lung Injury (VALI) Hosts: Audrey Bree Tse, MD Larissa Laskowski, DO Brian Gilberti, MD https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Vaping_Associated_Lung_Injury.mp3 Download 2 Comments Tags: Pulmonary, Toxicology Show Notes Why this matters As of Oct 15, vaping has been associated with acute lung injury in over 1400 people 33 deaths have been confirmed in 24 states 70+% of those with VALI are young men A large number of patients are requiring ICU/ intubation/ ECMO 4 main ingredients in solvent +/- Flavor additives +/- Nicotine or THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol) Propylene Glycol (PG) Vegetable Glycerin (VG) CDC definition of VALI (Vaping Associated Lung Injury) Using an e-cigarette (“vaping”) or dabbing* in 90 days

An overview of septic arthritis. Hosts: Audrey Bree Tse, MD Brian Gilberti, MD https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Septic_Arthritis.mp3 Download One Comment Tags: Infectious Diseases, Orthopedics Show Notes Episode Produced by Audrey Bree Tse, MD Background Bacteria enters the joint by hematogenous spread due to absence of basement membrane in synovial space from invasive procedures, contiguous infection (e.g. osteomyelitis, cellulitis), or direct inoculation (e.g. plant thorns, nails) WBCs migrate into joint → acute inflammatory process → synovial hyperplasia, prevents new cartilage from forming, pressure necrosis on surrounding joint, purulent effusion Why do we care?  irreversible loss of function in up to 10% & mortality rate as hi

A look at the most common type of seizures in the young pediatric population. Hosts: Brian Gilberti, MD Audrey Bree Tse, MD https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Febrile_Seizures.mp3 Download Leave a Comment Tags: Pediatrics Show Notes Background The most common type of seizure in children under 5 years of age Occur in 2-5% of children In children with a fever, aged 6 months to 5 years of age, and without a CNS infection Risk Factors 4 times more likely to have a febrile seizure if parent had one Also increase in risk if siblings or nieces / nephews had one Common associated infections Human Herpesvirus 6 Human Herpesvirus 7 Influenza A & B Simple Febrile Seizure Generalized tonic-clonic activity lasting less than 15 minutes in a child

A review for the emergency physician of this common tick-borne illness. Hosts: Audrey Bree Tse, MD Brian Gilberti, MD https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Lyme_Disease.mp3 Download Leave a Comment Tags: Infectious Diseases Show Notes Episode Produced by Audrey Bree Tse, MD Background Most common tick-born illness in North America Endemic in Northeast, Upper Midwest, northwest California 80% to 90% in summer months Pathophysiology Ixodes tick (deer tick) has a 3-stage life cycle (larvae, nymph, adult) & takes 1 blood meal per stage Deer tick feeds on an infected wild animal (infected with spirochete Borrelia burgodrferi) then bites humans On humans, they typically move until they encounter resistance (e.g. hairline, waistband, elastic, sk

An in depth review of this notorious parasite. Hosts: Brian Gilberti, MD Audrey Bree Tse, MD https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Malaria.mp3 Download Leave a Comment Tags: Infectious Diseases Show Notes Background In 2017, there were 219 million cases and 435,000 people deaths from malaria Five species: Falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, and P. knowlesi. Falciparum, Vivax and Knowlesi can be fatal History of recent travel to Africa (69% of cases in US), particularly to west-Africa should raise suspicion for malaria Clinical Manifestations Average incubation period for Falciparum is 12 days 95% will develop symptoms within 1 month Clinical findings with high likelihood ratios include periodic fevers, jaundice, splenomegaly,

A look at this common and controversial topic. Hosts: Brian Gilberti, MD Audrey Bree Tse, MD https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Acute_Otitis_Media.mp3 Download Leave a Comment Tags: Pediatrics Show Notes Background: The most common infection seen in pediatrics and the most common reason these kids receive antibiotics The release of the PCV (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine), or Prevnar vaccine, has made a big difference since its release in 2000 (Marom 2014) This, along with more stringent criteria for what we are calling AOM, has led to a significant decrease in the number of cases seen since then 29% reduction in AOM caused by all pneumococcal serotypes among children who received PCV7 before 24 months of age The peak incidence is betwe

A look at foot fractures – which can be splinted and which may need the OR. Hosts: Audrey Bree Tse, MD Brian Gilberti, MD https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Foot_Fractures.mp3 Download Leave a Comment Tags: Orthopedics Show Notes Episode Produced by Audrey Bree Tse, MD Background: Why do we care about Jones fractures? Propensity for poor healing due to watershed area of blood supply Fifth metatarsal fractures account for 68% of metatarsal fractures in adults Proximal 5th metatarsal fractures are divided into 3 zones (93% zone 1, 4% zone 2, 3% zone 3) Zone 1 (pseudo-Jones): Tuberosity avulsion fracture Typically avulsion type injuries due to acute episode of forefoot supination with plantar flexion Typical fracture pattern is transvers

A discussion with Drs. McNamara and Leifer on the essentials and beyond of debriefing Hosts: Brian Gilberti, MD Audrey Tse, MD https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Debriefing.mp3 Download One Comment Tags: Resuscitation, Simulation Show Notes TAKE HOME POINTS Debriefing after a clinical case in the ED is a way to have an interprofessional, reflective conversation with a focus on improving for the next patient.  We can debrief routine cases, challenging cases, or even cases that go well. Follow a structure when leading a debrief. The prebrief sets ground rules and informs the team that the debrief is optional and will only take 3-5 minutes. Introduce names and roles Then give a one-liner about what happened in the case, followed by a plus/ d

A look at one of the most common and potentially concerning upper respiratory infections in children. Host: Brian Gilberti, MD https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Croup.mp3 Download One Comment Tags: Airway, Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics Show Notes Background Croup is a viral infection starts in the nasal and pharyngeal mucosa but spreads to the larynx and trachea Subglottic narrowing from inflammation Dynamic obstruction Barking cough Inspiratory stridor Causes: Parainfluenza virus (most common) Rhinovirus Enterovirus RSV Rarely: Influenza, Measles Age range: 6 months to 36 months Seasonal component with high prevalence in fall and early winter Differential Bacterial tracheitis Acute epiglottitis Inhaled FB Retropharyngeal abscess An

A look at this deadly mucocutaneous reaction and how to best manage these patients in the ED https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/SJS.mp3 Download Leave a Comment Tags: Critical Care, Dermatology Show Notes Episode Produced by Audrey Bree Tse, MD Rash with dysuria should raise concern for SJS with associated urethritis Dysuria present in a majority of cases SJS is a mucocutaneous reaction caused by Type IV hypersensitivity Cytotoxic t-lymphocytes apoptose keratinocytes → blistering, bullae formation, and sloughing of the detached skin Disease spectrum SJS = 30% TBSA SJS/ TEN Overlap = 10-30% TBSA Incidence is estimated at around 9 per 1 million people in the US Mortality is 10% for SJS and 30-50% for TEN Mainly 2/2 sepsis and end organ

A look at the opioid epidemic and what ED providers can do to combat this formidable foe. https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Opioid_Epidemic.mp3 Download Leave a Comment Tags: Opioid Dependence, Opioid Free ED Show Notes Consider alternatives to opiates for acute pain NSAIDs Subdissociative ketamine Nerve blocks Curb misuse and diversion through prescribing a short supply and perform I-STOP checks Narcan is not just for acute overdose treatment by EMS or within the ED anymore We can equip patients, family members and friends with Narcan kits prior to discharge In New York state, can prescribe Narcan to patients with near fatal overdoses or who screen positive for an opioid use disorder Intranasal formulation is cheaper and more commonly pre

In this episode, we discuss the recent measles outbreak and how ED providers can best prepare to treat this almost vanquished foe. https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Measles_Final_Cut.mp3 Download One Comment Tags: Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics Show Notes Episode Produced by Audrey Bree Tse, MD      

In this episode, we discuss acute decompensated heart failure and how to best manage these dyspneic patients in the ED. https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Podcast_ADHF.mp3 Download Leave a Comment Tags: Cardiology, Respiratory Show Notes Features that increase the probability of heart failure. (Wang 2005) B-lines seen in pulmonary edema. Positioning of ultrasound probe in BLUE protocol. (Lichtenstein 2008)

In this episode, we discuss Boxer's fractures and how to best manage them in the ED. https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Boxer_s_Fracture_eq.m4a Download One Comment Tags: Orthopedics, Trauma Podcast Video https://youtu.be/UreET5eLHas Show Notes Background: 40% of all hand fractures A metacarpal fracture can occur at any point along the bone (head, neck, shaft, or base) “Boxer’s” fractures classically at neck Most common mechanism: direct axial load with a clenched fist Most common metacarpal injured is the 5th A majority of these injuries are isolated injuries, closed and stable Examination: Ensure that this is an isolated injury May note a loss of knuckle contour or shortening A thorough evaluation of the sk

https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Podcast_Episode_157_0_Final_Cut.m4a Download 5 Comments Read More

This week we dive into a recent article highlighting a major update in the treatment of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Podcast_Episode_156_0_Final_Cut.m4a Download Leave a Comment Tags: CAP, Macrolides, Pulmonary Show Notes Read More REBEL EM: Update in Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Treatment – Macrolide Resistance Moran GJ, Talan,

This week we discuss three recent articles looking at esmolol in refractory VF, c-spine clearance and antibiotics after abscess drainage https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Podcast_Episode_155_0_Final_Cut.m4a Download Leave a Comment Tags: Cardiac Arrest, Cervical Spine, Esmolol, I+D, Infectious Diseases, Journal Club, MRSA, Refractory VF, Trauma Show Notes Read More REBEL EM: Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole for Uncomplicated Skin Abscesses Bryan Hayes at ALiEM: Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim for Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: 1 or 2 Tablets BID? The SGEM: SGEM#164: Cuts Like a Knife Core EM: Antibiotics in the Treatment of S...

This week we review femoral shaft fractures with a focus on assessment and analgesia https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Podcast_Episode_154_0_Final_Cut.m4a Download Leave a Comment Tags: Femoral Nerve Blocks, Orthopedics Show Notes Read More Orthobullets Femoral Shaft Fracture Rosen’s Emergency Medicine Concepts and Clinical Practice(link) Tintinalli’s Emergency Medicine(link) Femoral Nerve Block video (link) Read More

More amazing pearls from our Bellevue morning report series. https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Podcast_Episode_153_0_Final_Cut.m4a Download Leave a Comment Tags: Alcohol Intoxication, Discitis, ESRD, Necrotizing Fasciitis Show Notes Read More Core EM: Spinal Epidural Abscess REBEL EM: Cauda Equina Syndrome Radiopaedia: Discitis LITFL: Necrotizing Fasciitis REBEL Cast: Episode 50 – Intoxicated Patients Can Equal Badness Read More