American Journal Of Psychiatry Audio

Dr. Luis Farhat and Dr. Guilherme V. Polanczyk (University of São Paulo, Brazil) join AJP Audio to discuss the impact of socioenviromental factors, emotional dysregulation, and other factors impact neurodevelopment in children. Afterwards, we’ll once again be joined by American Journal of Psychiatry Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Ned Kalin, to discuss the rest of the September issue of AJP and what brings it together. Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org

Dr. Antony Chum (York University, Toronto) joins AJP Audio to discuss disparities in suicide-related behaviors between sexual orientations by gender in a large cohort from the province of Ontario. Afterwards, we’ll once again be joined by American Journal of Psychiatry Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Ned Kalin, to discuss the rest of the September issue of AJP and what brings it together. Transcript Chum interview [00:34] Results [02:14] Using a large data set [03:21] Correcting the limitations of previous research [04:40] Taking changing societal circumstances into account [06:11] Immediate clinical implications [07:57] What’s next for your research? [09:47] Kalin interview [11:23] Chum et al. [11:34] Widge et al. [13:15] Russell et al. [15:06] Deligiannidis et al. [15:34] Clayton et al. [18:41] Kumar et al. [19:59] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the pod

Dr. Lucy S. King (Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans) and Dr. Kathryn L. Humphreys (Vanderbilt University, Nashville) join AJP Audio to discuss the long term impacts of a pioneering randomized controlled trial that looked at the impacts of institutional care versus home foster care in children, the Bucharest Early Intervention Project.  They also discuss the impacts of deprivation on children’s development and mental health, and the thorny ethics of research involving children. Transcript The impact of deprivation [01:19] Bucharest Early Intervention Project and the ethics of research involving children [04:43] Analyzing diverse data [08:57] Why revisit this trial? [16:05] Long term impacts of the intervention [18:39] Limitations [23:22] Policy implications [26:16] Further research [30:18]  Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here.

Dr. Dylan J. Jester (VA Palo Alto Medical Center in Palo Alto, California) joins AJP Audio to discuss the differential impact of selected social determinants of health on the mental health outcomes of older Black, White, and Latinx adults in the United States. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses how issues of substance use disorder draw together the rest of the July issue. Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-mail us at ajp@psych.org  

Dr. Mark Olfson (Columbia University) discusses the links between opioid prescribing and suicide risk in the United States. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses how issues of substance use disorder draw together the rest of the June issue. Transcript Olfson interview [00:46] Geographic commuting areas [01:06] Opioid prescription measures [02:10] Rates of opioid prescription and suicide [03:27] Youngest age cohorts as outliers [04:19] Regional variations [04:57] Limitations [05:17] Clinical implications [05:55] What’s next for your research? [06:21] Kalin interview [06:42] Olfson et al. [07:00] Vickers-Smith et al. [08:36] Rognli et al. [10:44] Garrison et al. [12:51] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How

Ms. Gal Arad (Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel) discusses a non-pharmacological intervention for the treatment of social anxiety disorder in comparison with standard care.  Afterwards, we’ll be joined once again by AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin to discuss the rest of the May issue. Transcript Arad interview [00:18] What were your results? [02:11] Reduction in dwell time on threatening faces [03:36] Limitations [04:09] Immediate clinical implications [05:27] Further research [05:58] Kalin interview [06:37] Arad et al. [06:55] Grant et al. [09:07] Reddy et al. [10:59] Taipal et al. [13:28] Buchanan and Krane [14:39] Brandt et al. [15:41] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the

Dr. David G. Amaral (University of California, Davis) is an author of a review paper in the April issue of AJP looking at the use of animal models and other forms of translational neuroscience in the investigation of autism spectrum disorder.  He joins us on AJP Audio to discuss it.  Afterwards, we’ll be joined once again by AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin to discuss the rest of the April issue.  Transcript   Amaral interview [00:56] Advantages and disadvantages of animal model research [02:14] What goes into determining which animals might be good candidates for research in human neurology? [04:52] How does basic research get translated into clinical treatments? [08:28] Alternatives to animal models [10:21] Promise of research moving forward [12:22] Kalin interview [15:30] Veenstra-VanderWeele et al. [15:46] Kato et al. [17:02] Zwicker et al. [19:17] Kim et al. [22:22] Zeng et al. [26:14] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podca

Dr. Gary S. Sachs (Harvard Medical School) joins us for the for the March episode of AJP Audio, discussing the results from a phase 3 study looking at the use of atypical antipsychotic cariprazine as an adjunctive treatment for major depression in conjunction with antidepressants.  Afterwards, we’ll be joined once again by AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin to discuss the rest of the March issue. Transcript Sachs interview [00:47] Why is treating major depressive disorder in patients proven to be such a challenge for clinicians? [01:54] Why cariprazine in conjunction with antidepressants? [02:37] Atypical antipsychotics and antidepressants [03:22] Atypical antipsychotics and side effects [05:23] Limitations [07:09] Clinical implications for the treatment of major depressive disorder [08:29] What’s next for your research? [09:15] Kalin interview [10:09] Sachs et al. [10:25] Hasseris et al. [12:35] Visontay et al. [15:15] Dunlop et al. [17:10] Elbau et al. [19:56] Be sure to let your colleague

This episode of AJP Audio features two articles from the February issue of AJP.  First up, we have Nathaniel G. Harnett, Ph.D. (Harvard Medical School), discussing the impact of adversity and stress on racial disparities in childhood brain development among Black and White American children.  Following that, Ziv Ben-Zion, Ph.D. (Yale University), discusses a non-exact replication study of a study published in AJP by Stevens et al. (previously featured on AJP Audio) looking at brain-based biotypes to guide treatment following trauma.  And of course, we’ll check in with AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin about the rest of the February issue and how it all fits together. Transcript Harnett interview [01:05] How do less tangible factors like trauma, stress, and exposure to violence impact brain development? [03:07] What do you mean by toxic stress? [04:41] Why did you choose to focus on those regions of the brain? [06:01] Regional variability and privacy concerns [07:50] Limitations [09:11] Future research [10:

Dr. Stefanie Russman Block (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor) discusses a trial looking at whether connectivity patterns in the brain can be used to predict treatment response in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.  Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses childhood and neurodeveloment-related psychiatric disorders explored in the January issue. Russman Block interview [00:51] Exposure and response prevention versus stress management therapy [05:46] Investigating adolescents and adults [07:02] Clinical implications [08:29] Limitations [10:02] Further research [11:56] Kalin interview [12:57] Russman Block et al. [13:12] Webb et al. [14:57] Floris et al. [17:45] Shimelis et al. [21:27] Brikell et al. [26:04] Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Assoc

Dr. Rebecca Price (University of Pittsburgh) discusses a novel, computer-based intervention designed to extend the antidepressant effects of a single dose of ketamine. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the rest of the December issue and what draws it together. Price interview [00:40] What does the computer-based intervention consist of? [03:55] Comparator arms [05:25] Are there immediate clinical implications? [08:04] Limitations [10:19] Further research [12:17] Kalin interview [14:02] Price et al. [14:28] Santos et al. [17:28] Grilo et al. [19:43] Solmi et al.v [22:51] Lam et al. [25:01] Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse articles online. How authors may submit their work. Follow the journals of APA Publishing on Twitter. E-ma

Dr. Antonia Seligowski (McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School) discusses how significant genetic correlations were identified between PTSD and cardiovascular disease as well as support for a causal link from PTSD to hypertension and coronary artery disease.  Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the rest of the November issue and what draws it together. Seligowski interview [00:50] Genome-wide association studies [02:24] The Mass General Brigham Biobank [03:05] What were the limitations of the study? [04:05] Are there current clinical implications? [05:04] How does depression fit in? [06:11] Are the links between PTSD and cardiovascular disease linked to associated comorbidities? [07:00] What’s next for your research? [07:52] Kalin interview [08:51] Seligowski et al. [09:06] Leone et al. [10:57] Hindley et al. [13:50] Lewis and Vassos [17:37] Sigström et al. [18:13] Brownstein et al. [20:32] In summary [25:03] Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and plea

Dr. Richard Davidson (University of Wisconsin-Madison) discusses the effects of mindfulness training on the neural mechanisms of pain and what it means for the future of pain management. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses what draws together that paper and the rest of the October issue. Davidson interview [00:37] How do you go about investigating pain? [05:41] Lack of apparent difference in neural response among long-term meditators [06:45] What does this mean for pain management? [08:33] Limitations [09:46] Next steps for research [10:42] Kalin interview [11:50] Wieglosz et al. [12:01] Hasin et al. [14:25] Jutras-Aswad et al. [16:46] Lin et al. [19:08] Hasin et al. [20:36] In summary [22:34] Transcript Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the American Psychiatric Association. Browse art

Dr. Lauren A. M. Lebois (Dissociative Disorders and Trauma Research Program, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School) discusses persistent dissociation following trauma exposure and whether it can be predictive of later psychiatric outcomes in at risk populations. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the rest of the September issue and what draws it together. Lebois interview [00:52] A prototypical adult dissociation case [01:51] Dissociation as a rollercoaster [05:48] The many ways of dissociation can be activated [08:04] Investigation through self-reporting and imaging [08:55] The imaging cohort [11:16] Biomarkers associated with dissociation and later psychiatric outcomes [11:54] Clinical treatment implications [15:09] Cambridge Depersonalization Scale and the Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation [16:22] Limitations [16:57] What’s next for your research? [18:01] Kalin interview [19:42] Lebois et al. [19:56] Gregersen et al. [22:33] Kendler et al. [24:58] Chand et al. [27:49] Jaff

Dr. Mark D. Shen (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill) discusses the trajectory of brain development in infants at risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and fragile X syndrome.  Longitudinal imaging was captured from 6 to 24 months to see how brain development differed between groups, and the development of the amygdala in infants at risk for ASD prior to onset of social deficits and clinical diagnosis. Shen interview [01:03] Why look at patients with potential ASD diagnosis in conjunction with fragile X syndrome patients? [04:20] Why are differences in brain structure important? [05:46] What’s the advantage of earlier diagnosis of ASD? [08:16] What’s next for your research? [09:48] Kalin interview [11:47] Shen et al. [12:09] Girault et al. [15:30] Gerlach et al. [19:13] Mosholder et al. [22:12] Summary [25:31] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Transcript Subscribe

Dr. Richard S.E. Keefe (Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina) discusses an article looking at an intervention for major depressive disorder that takes the form of a videogame. Afterwards, AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the July issue’s theme. Keefe interview: [01:00] What were your results? [03:13] What do videogames offer as a depression intervention? [03:43] Differences between the intervention and the control intervention [05:05] What was the impact of the interventions? [06:51] What were the limitations of the design and what might change going forward? [08:10] Does the patient’s perception of the effectiveness of the intervention matter? [09:20] How the intervention differs from a similar intervention aimed at children [10:19] Is there an advantage to “hiding” the intervention as a videogame? [11:33] Designing a game and an intervention that work simultaneously [13:27] What next for your research? [15:05] Kalin interview [16:11] Keefe et al. [16:22] Tabuteau et al. [18:15]

AJP Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the June issue with guest editor Dr. Crystal Barksdale (National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities). The issue focuses on mental health disparities, the pervasive negative consequences of structural racism, and the importance of community-wide and systemic interventions. Barksdale interview [00:30] How do mental health disparities differ for minoritized groups? [04:10] Structural and institutional racism as a factor in mental health disparities [05:53] Why have structural factors been largely ignored? [08:37] Alvidrez and Barksdale [11:03] Alegria et al. [13:11] Keeping review committees and reviewers up to date [15:11] Hankerson et al. [16:53] Developing research strategies based on the needs of the community [18:09] Alvarez et al. [20:22] What can the journal do to push these issues forward? [22:19]   Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wh

Dr. Kenneth Kendler (Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics at Virginia Commonwealth University, Roanoke, VA) discusses the history and emergence of psychiatry as a discipline, and how the conception of mind, body, and soul evolved. Afterwards, Journal Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses the May issue of AJP, and the past, present, and future of psychiatry. Kendler interview [00:45] Why is it important to look at the history of psychiatry? [10:28] The emergence of mental asylums [12:58] The mixed legacy of asylums [16:24] What’s next? [18:07] Kalin interview [21:14] Brennand [23:07] Erwin and Weinberger, Cruceanu et al. [24:29] Pretzsch et al. [26:04] Roberts et al. [27:17] Meier et al. [28:52] Pedersen et al. [32:02] In conclusion [33:55] Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, or wherever you listen to it. Subscribe to the podcast here. Listen to other podcasts produced by the Ameri

Dr. Brian Kelly (Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana) discusses a study that found recent efforts to curb opioid prescriptions appear to have had an effect on reducing prescription opioid misuse and dependence, with no evidence that shifts in local-level opioid dispensing affected odds of heroin use, frequency of heroin use, or heroin dependence. Afterwards, Journal Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses what pulls the March issue of AJP together. Kelly interview [00:30] Why county level data? [01:22] What accounts for the variation between counties? [02:28] Decreased prescription rates did not lead to increased heroin usage [04:07] How do we ensure the needs of those who need pain management? [04:55] What should happen with opioid dispensing practices? [06:10] National Survey on Drug Use and Health [07:30] Next steps [08:35] Kalin interview [09:34] Vuolo and Kelly [09:58] Watts et al. [11:25] O’Keeffe et al. [14:25] Sohal [17:35] Chung et al. [18:35] Summary [23:05] Be sure to let your colleag

Dr. Giovanna Punzi and Dr. Daniel Weinberger (Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland) discuss findings from their new paper, “Genetics and Brain Transcriptomics of Completed Suicide,” which looks at differences in the brains of those who die by violent versus less violent means of suicide.  Afterwards, Journal Editor-in-Chief Dr. Ned Kalin discusses what pulls the March issue of AJP together. Punzi and Weinberger interview [00:43] What made the two categories distinct? [02:28] Aggression as a factor [03:43] Differences in genetic factors [04:58] Potential heterogeneity of suicide [06:28] Counterintuitive conclusions [07:42] Clinical implications for those at risk for suicide [11:00] Next steps for research [11:43] Kalin interview [12:56] McMahon [13:58] Jacquemont et al. [14:22] Mancini et al. [15:53] Mahjani et al. [18:40] Leckman [21:22] Punzi et al. [21:48] Ecker et al. [25:38] Summary [28:45]   Be sure to let your colleagues know about the podcast, and please rate and review it on A